初二英語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)

　　初中三年我們要英語(yǔ)單詞，作文，語(yǔ)法。其中語(yǔ)法是比較重要和比較復(fù)雜不易理解的，今天小編為大家準(zhǔn)備了“初二英語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)”，拆分知識(shí)點(diǎn)，然后再串聯(lián)，幫助大家形成健全知識(shí)體系，拿下初二英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法知識(shí)!

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　　一般過(guò)去式 表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)。

　　I met him yesterday. 昨天我碰見(jiàn)了他。

　　一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成如下：

　　肯定式 疑問(wèn)式 否定式 疑問(wèn)否定式

　　I worked Did i work? I didn't work Did i not work?

　　He(she it) Did he (she it) He(she it) Did he(she it)

　　worked work? didn't work not work?

　　We worked Did we work? We didn't work Did we not work?

　　You worked Did you work? You din't work Did you not work?

　　They worked Did they work? They didn't work Did they not work?

　　一般過(guò)去式構(gòu)成： 表示一般過(guò)去式的動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式來(lái)表示，而動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是在動(dòng)詞原形的基礎(chǔ)上變化的。動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式可分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化如下： 一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -ed 。

　　worked, played, wanted, acted

　　以不發(fā)音的 -e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -d。

　　Lived, moved,　decided, declined, hoped, judged, raised, wiped

　　以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-ed。

　　studied, tried, copied , justified, cried, carried, embodied, emptied

　　以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母，再加 -ed。

　　stopped, begged, fretted, dragged, dropped, planned, dotted, dripped

　　不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng)，須多加記憶。

　　go - went， make - made， get - got

　　buy - bought， come - came， fly-flew

　　其結(jié)構(gòu)是"主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式"。be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式為was, were;行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種，規(guī)則變化有以下幾種情況：1)直接在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed. e.g. work-----worked; ask------asked; 2)以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞只加-d. e.g. arrive-----arrived; like-----liked.3)末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母,再加-ed. e.g. shop-----shopped; 4)以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,先把y變成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry----carried; study------studied.有些動(dòng)詞變過(guò)去式是不規(guī)則的,e.g. fly------flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught. 這些需要象生單詞一樣記住.

　　其句式變化分為兩種情況1)含有be動(dòng)詞的依然在be上做文章. e.g. I was born in 1980. I was not born in 1980. Were you born in 1980? 2)含有行為動(dòng)詞的變否定句要在行為動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞didn't.,同時(shí)把動(dòng)詞變成原形; 變一般疑問(wèn)句,在句首加助動(dòng)詞did,同時(shí)把動(dòng)詞變成原形. e.g. I bought a gift for my mum yesterday. I didn't buy a gift for my mum yesterday. Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?

　　一般過(guò)去式的用法：

　　1) 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，通常一般過(guò)去式帶有表示動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的詞，詞組或從句,如：a minute ago, yesterday,last week,in1900,during the night,in those days，the other day(前幾天)、once up on a time(過(guò)去曾經(jīng))、 just now(剛才)、in the old days(過(guò)去的日子里)、before liberation(解放前…)、 When I was 8 years old(當(dāng)我八歲時(shí)…)

　　等。用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，要表示“過(guò)多少時(shí)間之后”一般用after,不用in

　　如： Tom suddenly fel ill yesterday

　　Tom 昨天突然生病了。

　　She didn't look well when i lat saw her

　　我上次看見(jiàn)她的時(shí)候，她臉色不好

　　2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)也可與 today,this week,this month ,this year 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。但是這些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)必須指過(guò)去，決不包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)

　　如： Did you see him today?

　　今天你見(jiàn)過(guò)他了嗎?

　　(today實(shí)際上指的是今天的過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻)

　　3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)雖不可以與now連用 ，但卻可以和just now(剛才)連用。

　　如：He went out just now

　　他剛出去了

　　4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的時(shí)候還有以下一些情況

　�、伲河糜趕ince從句，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。其后接的since引導(dǎo)的從句一般須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)

　　如：It's been over a year since i came back from the countryside

　　我從鄉(xiāng)下回來(lái)已經(jīng)一年了

　　(主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 has been 也可以改為 is 但美國(guó)英語(yǔ)多用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))

　　②：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以省略，前面說(shuō)過(guò)一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但下面一些情況下，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以省略---從上文可以清楚地看出來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

　　如：Did you sleep well?

　　---前文如有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所引導(dǎo)時(shí)

　　如：I have been within an inch of life ,and didn't know it!

　　---和現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)比時(shí)候

　　如： He is no longer the man he was

　　---有表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣的used to 時(shí)候

　　如:I used to play football in the street

　　③:所表的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成

　　如：I read a book last week

　　上星期我讀了一本書(shū)

　�、埽� 表示死者的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)。在英語(yǔ)中。說(shuō)道死去的人的時(shí)候，一般用過(guò)去時(shí)表示

　　如： Who is the man in the picture? 照片上的人是誰(shuí)?

　　He was my father. 他是我父親

　�、荩� 有感情色彩的時(shí)候如：You asked for it!

　　你這是自找!

　　5表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)�；蚍磸�(fù)的動(dòng)作

　　常與always，never等連用。

　　Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.

　　彼得太太過(guò)去老是帶著一把傘。

　　(只是說(shuō)明她過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著傘。)

　　When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

　　Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

　　比較

　　Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.

　　彼得太太老是帶著傘。

　　(說(shuō)明這是她的習(xí)慣，表明她現(xiàn)在仍然還習(xí)慣總帶著一把傘)

　　I never drank wine.我以前從不喝酒。

　　(不涉及到現(xiàn)在，不說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒)

　　6)句型：

　　It is time for sb. to do sth　 "到……時(shí)間了"　 "該……了"

　　It is time sb. did sth. "時(shí)間已遲了"　 "早該……了"

　　It is time for you to go to bed.　 你該睡覺(jué)了。

　　It is time you went to bed.　　　你早該睡覺(jué)了。

　　would (had) rather sb. did sth.　表示'寧愿某人做某事'

　　I'd rather you came tomorrow.

　　7) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過(guò)去時(shí)，作試探性的詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求、建議等。

　　I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。

　　比較：