英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)，被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是主語 + be + 過去分詞，其中be動詞體現(xiàn)時態(tài)，過去分詞done體現(xiàn)被動。下面以動詞do為例，總結(jié)出各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。　　　

　　1.一般現(xiàn)在時：am (is, are) + done.

　　如：主動語態(tài)：我們打掃教室。

　　We clean the classroom.

　　被動語態(tài)：教室被我們打掃。

　　The classroom is cleaned by us.

　　2.一般過去時：was (were) + done

　　如：主動語態(tài)：我們昨晚打掃了教室。

　　We cleaned the classroom last night.

　　被動語態(tài)：昨晚教室被我們打掃了。

　　The classroom was cleaned by us last night.

　　3.一般將來時：will (shall) be + done

　　如：主動語態(tài)：我們明天將打掃教室。

　　We will clean the classroom tomorrow.

　　被動語態(tài)：明天教室將被我們打掃。

　　The classroom will be cleaned by us tomorrow.

　　4.現(xiàn)在進行時：am (is, are) being + done

　　如：主動語態(tài)：我們正在打掃教室。

　　We are cleaning the classroom.

　　被動語態(tài)：教室正被我們打掃。

　　The classroom is being cleaned by us.

　　5.過去進行時：was (were) being + done

　　如：主動語態(tài)：昨晚這個時候我們正在打掃教室。

　　We were cleaning the classroom at this moment last night.

　　被動語態(tài)：昨晚這個時候教室正在被我們打掃。

　　The classroom was being cleaned by us at this moment last night.

　　6.現(xiàn)在完成時：have (has) been + done

　　如：主動語態(tài)：我們已經(jīng)打掃了教室。

　　We have cleaned the classroom.

　　被動語態(tài)：教室已經(jīng)被我們打掃了。

　　The classroom has been cleaned by us.

　　7.帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：must (can, may, should, need, would) be + done

　　如：主動語態(tài)：我們必須打掃教室。

　　We must clean the classroom.

　　被動語態(tài)：教室必須被我們打掃。

　　The classroom must be cleaned by us.

　　練一練：

　　一、根據(jù)句意，用括號中詞的適當形式填空。

　　1. Cakes    (eat) by us a moment ago. 

　　2. At that time, the radio    (mend) by him.

　　3. The problem    (solve) soon.

　　4. A new film    (show) now.

　　5. No notes should    (bring) to the English exam, boys and girls!

　　6. ---Why not go fishing?

　　---It    (sound) great.

　　7. These books    (send) to the village already.

　　8. English    (speak) in Australia.

　　二、將下列句子變成被動語態(tài)。

　　1. I have bought a nice bicycle.

　　A nice bicycle    by me.

　　2. He is going to write a letter to his mother tomorrow.

　　A letter    to his mother by him tomorrow.

　　3. My aunt gave me a present yesterday.

　　A present    me by my aunt yesterday.

　　4. We'll build a new railway next year.

　　A new railway    next year.

　　5. The professor is translating the famous book now.

　　The famous book    by the professor now.

　　6. People usually plant trees in spring.

　　Trees    in spring.

　　7. You should make a plan at first.

　　A plan    at first.

　　8. He was studying English at 6 o'clock yesterday.

　　English    by him at 6 o'clock yesterday.

 

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